Up until late September, the hurricane season for North America had been relatively quiet. While tropical storms and hurricanes have occurred across the tropical North Atlantic region including the Gulf of Mexico, there had not been any catastrophic events for the United States and such storms have stayed mainly away from land.

Initial forecast plot for Hurricane Ian
CIMSS Forecast plot for Hurricane Ian being a forecast prior to landfall across Cuba.

All that changed during the last few days of September.

A tropical storm developed to the south of Florida which rapidly intensified into a powerful hurricane. The storm was named "Hurricane Ian". Fueled by oceanic temperatures of 29C to 30C, this storm tracked north and became a powerful storm.

As it neared the South West coast of Cuba, it morphed into a Category 2 storm then a category 3 storm on the Saffir Simpson Scale.

 

 

Based on CIMSS modelling, it already had wind gusts at the core of 105 knots or 195 km/h prior to landfall across western Cuba. It crossed the western side of Cuba but with the land mass being narrow, this did not reduce its strength.

EOSDIS NASA satellite photo of Hurricane Ian
EOSDIS NASA satellite photo of Hurricane Ian close up prior to landfall across Cuba as a Category 2 / 3 storm on the Saffir Simpson Scale.
General view EOSDIS satellite image of Hurricane Ian
General view EOSDIS satellite image of Hurricane Ian prior to landfall across Cuba

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After crossing back out to sea, the storm then increased in power to a strong Category 3 storm then a Category 4 storm with winds of 220 to 250 km/h at the core.

Detailed GEOS 16 image of Hurricane Ian
Detailed GEOS 16 image of Hurricane Ian just prior to landfall across Western Cuba with clear visible eye.
Detailed GEOS 16 image of Hurricane Ian
Detailed GEOS 16 image of Hurricane Ian with powerful convection visible shown in pink to the west of the eye.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At approximately 100 km south west of Punta Gorda Florida, this storm had peak wind gusts to 155 mph or 249 km/h and was labelled a catastrophic storm.

GEOS 16 Image of Hurricane Ian at landfall across Cuba
GEOS 16 Image of Hurricane Ian at landfall across Cuba with visible eye
Hurricane Ian makes landfall across the west coast of Florida
GEOS 16 image showing Hurricane Ian making landfall across the west coast of Florida as a Category 4 storm on the Saffir Simpson Scale.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This storm has had a catastrophic impact across western Cuba with significant damage to infrastructure including electricity supplies and a sizeable death toll.

Hurricane Ian begins to weaken after crossing the coast of Florida
GEOS 16 image of Hurricane Ian weakening after crossing the coast of Florida with the eye filling in.

This storm then approached the west coast of Florida with the eye passing over Cape Coral, Port Charlotte and Venice, all areas west of Fort Meyers.

The satellites images and GOES images shows the storm in stark detail and convection and strong thunderstorms clearly visible close to the eye.

This storm had an unusually large eye. Satellite photos did show a high incidence of lightning close to the core of the storm.

In additional to storm surges and torrential rain, tornado warnings were also issued by the National Weather Service during landfall.

The storm weakened as it crossed the coastline but it has left a sizeable clean up and damage bill in its wake. Some early preliminary estimates place the damage bill at between $60 and $100 billion and death tolls to date are not fully known. Recovery will take time.

It is noted that the storm crossed back out to sea after crossing Florida. While redevelopment did occur, it did not gain its previous strength. The storm made landfall again across the Carolinas coastlines where the storm weakened into a rain depression as it tracked further northwards.

Attached are images of the storm from EOSDOS (AQUA), CIMSS and GOES all showing a powerful storm.

As such, a relative quiet hurricane season has now come to an abrupt end for the United States due to this one storm.

Images sourced from.

  • NASA EOSDIS (NASA Worldview 2022).
  • National Weather Service.
  • CIMSS.
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